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China
zhōng guó
中国
and
yǔ
与
World
shì jiè
世界
·HSK 6

China
Zhōngguó
中国
toward / against
duì
对
the United States (abbreviated)
Měi
美
to launch / to initiate
fāqǐ
发起
two-pronged / dual
shuāng xiàng
双项
trade
màoyì
贸易
investigation
diàochá
调查
，
China-US
Zhōng-Měi
中美
economic and trade
jīngmào
经贸
friction / tensions
mócā
摩擦
further
jìn yī bù
进一步
to escalate
shēngjí
升级
。

China
Zhōngguó
中国
Ministry of Commerce
shāngwùbù
商务部
in response to / regarding
jiù
就
United States
Měiguó
美国
trade
màoyì
贸易
measures
cuòshī
措施
to launch / to initiate
fāqǐ
发起
two
liǎng xiàng
两项
counter-measure
fǎnzhì
反制
investigation
diàochá
调查
，
to respond to
huíyìng
回应
the US side
Měifāng
美方
pursuant to
yījù
依据
Section 301 clause
sān líng yī tiáokuǎn
301条款
launched / conducted
zhǎnkāi
展开
modifying particle
de
的
trade
màoyì
贸易
investigation
diàochá
调查
。
at the same time / meanwhile
yǔ cǐ tóngshí
与此同时
，
National People Congress
quánguó rén dà
全国人大
to approve
pīzhǔn
批准
completion marker
le
了
the latest edition
xīn yī qī
新一期
Five-Year Plan
wǔ nián guīhuà
五年规划
，
to emphasize
qiángdiào
强调
technological self-reliance
kējì zìzhǔ
科技自主
and
yǔ
与
strategic minerals
zhànlüè kuàngchǎn
战略矿产
security
ānquán
安全
。

March 28, 2026 at 12:00 PM

China
Zhōngguó
中国
Ministry of Commerce
shāngwùbù
商务部
in (formal)
yú
于
late March
sānyuè xiàxún
三月下旬
to announce
xuānbù
宣布
，
in response to / regarding
jiù
就
Office of the US Trade Representative
Měiguó màoyì dàibiǎo bàngōngshì
美国贸易代表办公室
pursuant to
yījù
依据
Section 301 clause
sān líng yī tiáokuǎn
301条款
toward China / against China
duì Huá
对华
to launch / to conduct
zhǎnkāi
展开
modifying particle
de
的
two
liǎng xiàng
两项
investigations
diàochá
调查
，
to launch / to initiate
fāqǐ
发起
corresponding
xiāngyìng
相应
modifying particle
de
的
counter-measure / retaliation
fǎnzhì
反制
investigation
diàochá
调查
。
Ministry of Commerce
shāngwùbù
商务部
to state / to say
chēng
称
，
the US side
Měifāng
美方
measures
cuòshī
措施
seriously / severely
yánzhòng
严重
to distort
niǔqū
扭曲
completion marker
le
了
green / eco-friendly products
lǜsè chǎnpǐn
绿色产品
trade
màoyì
贸易
，
and / furthermore
bìng
并
to disrupt / to undermine
pòhuài
破坏
completion marker
le
了
global
quánqiú
全球
production
shēngchǎn
生产
and
yǔ
与
supply chains
gōngyìng liàn
供应链
modifying particle
de
的
stability
wěndìng xìng
稳定性
。
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
wàijiāobù
外交部
spokesperson
fāyán rén
发言人
to state
biǎoshì
表示
，
the Chinese side
Zhōngfāng
中方
firmly / resolutely
jiānjué
坚决
to oppose
fǎnduì
反对
any
rènhé
任何
form
xíngshì
形式
modifying particle
de
的
unilateral
dānbiān
单边
tariffs
guānshuì
关税
measures
cuòshī
措施
，
and
bìng
并
to reserve / to retain
bǎoliú
保留
to take
cǎiqǔ
采取
further
jìn yī bù
进一步
action
xíngdòng
行动
modifying particle
de
的
right
quánlì
权利
。
at the same time / meanwhile
yǔ cǐ tóngshí
与此同时
，
National People Congress
quánguó rénmín dàibiǎo dàhuì
全国人民代表大会
in (formal)
yú
于
this month
běn yuè
本月
to pass / to approve
tōngguò
通过
completion marker
le
了
the new version
xīn yī bǎn
新一版
Five-Year Plan
wǔ nián guīhuà
五年规划
，
focusing on
zhòngdiǎn
重点
to advance / to promote
tuījìn
推进
science and technology
kējì
科技
self-reliance
zìzhǔ
自主
innovation
chuàngxīn
创新
and
yǔ
与
advanced
xiānjìn
先进
manufacturing industry
zhìzào yè
制造业
to upgrade
shēngjí
升级
。
the (aforementioned)
gāi
该
plan / blueprint
guīhuà
规划
especially
tèbié
特别
to emphasize
qiángdiào
强调
to consolidate / to strengthen
gǒnggù
巩固
China
Zhōngguó
中国
in
zài
在
rare earth elements
xītǔ
稀土
and / as well as
jí
及
strategic minerals
zhànlüè kuàngchǎn
战略矿产
field / domain
lǐngyù
领域
modifying particle
de
的
competitive
jìngzhēng
竞争
advantage
yōushì
优势
，
in order to
yǐ
以
to guard against
fángfàn
防范
external
wàibù
外部
sanctions
zhìcái
制裁
to bring / to cause
dàilái
带来
modifying particle
de
的
systemic
xìtǒng xìng
系统性
risk
fēngxiǎn
风险
。
analysts
fēnxī rénshì
分析人士
to believe / to consider
rènwéi
认为
，
this time
cǐ cì
此次
two-way / bilateral
shuāngxiàng
双向
investigation
diàochá
调查
marks / signifies
biāozhì zhe
标志着
China-US
Zhōng-Měi
中美
economic and trade
jīngmào
经贸
friction / tensions
mócā
摩擦
to enter into
jìnrù
进入
a new stage
xīn jiēduàn
新阶段
，
will
jiāng
将
to bring to
gěi
给
bilateral relations
shuāngbiān guānxi
双边关系
to bring / to cause
dàilái
带来
greater
gèng dà
更大
uncertainty
bù quèdìng xìng
不确定性
。
currently / at present
mùqián
目前
，
the two countries
liǎng guó
两国
have not yet
shàngwèi
尚未
regarding
jiù
就
trade
màoyì
贸易
negotiations
tánpàn
谈判
to reach / to achieve
dáchéng
达成
any
rènhé
任何
concrete / specific
jùtǐ
具体
arrangement / agreement
ānpái
安排
。
the international community
guójì shèhuì
国际社会
regarding this
duì cǐ
对此
to express
biǎoshì
表示
highly
gāodù
高度
concern / attention
guānzhù
关注
，
many countries
duō guó
多国
to call on / to appeal
hūyù
呼吁
both sides
shuāngfāng
双方
through / via
tōngguò
通过
dialogue
duìhuà
对话
to resolve
jiějué
解决
dispute / conflict
zhēngduān
争端
。

New Words

shāngwùbù
商务部
ministry of commerce
diàochá
调查
investigation
guānshuì
关税
tariff
fǎnzhì
反制
counter-measure
cuòshī
措施
measures
màoyì
贸易
trade
gōngyìng liàn
供应链
supply chain
guīhuà
规划
plan
xītǔ
稀土
rare earth
zhànlüè kuàngchǎn
战略矿产
strategic minerals

News in English

China & World

China Launches Two Trade Investigations Against the US as Economic Tensions Escalate

China Ministry of Commerce launched two counter-investigations targeting US trade measures, responding to Section 301 probes. Simultaneously the National People Congress approved a new Five-Year Plan emphasizing technological self-reliance and strategic mineral security.

China's Ministry of Commerce announced in late March that it will launch corresponding counter-investigation in response to two investigations conducted by the US Trade Representative's Office under Section 301 of US trade law targeting China.

The Ministry of Commerce stated that US measures seriously distort green product trade and disrupt global production and supply chain stability.

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson stated that China firmly opposes any form of unilateral tariff measures and reserves the right to take further action.

Meanwhile, the National People's Congress passed a new Five-Year Plan this month, focusing on advancing technological self-reliance and innovation as well as upgrading advanced manufacturing industries.

The plan especially emphasizes consolidating China's competitive advantage in rare earth elements and strategic minerals to guard against systemic risks caused by external sanctions.

Analysts believe that this bilateral investigation marks China-US economic and trade friction entering a new stage, which will bring greater uncertainty to bilateral relations.

Currently, the two countries have not yet reached any concrete arrangements regarding trade negotiations.

The international community has expressed high concern about this, with many countries urging both sides to resolve their dispute through dialogue.

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全球
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develop
kāifā
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artificial intelligence
réngōng zhìnéng
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fángzhǐ
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中国
former / previous
qián
前
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guówùyuàn zǒnglǐ
国务院总理
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Zhū Róngjī
朱镕基
to pass away / to die
shìshì
逝世
，
lived to the age of
xiǎngnián
享年
97 years old
97 suì
97岁
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bānbù
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fǎn wǎngluò
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violence
bàolì
暴力
law
fǎ
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zuìgāo
最高
fine
fákuǎn
罚款
10 million
qiānwàn
千万
yuan
yuán
元
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Gēlúnbǐyà
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magnitude 7.4
7.4 jí
7.4级
earthquake
dìzhèn
地震
over 200 people
yú liǎng bǎi rén
逾两百人
killed / perished in a disaster
línàn
罹难
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